Convergências entre a prática de descarte dos resíduos domiciliares e a política pública de resíduos sólidos em Fortaleza

Abstract

The increase in the consumption of products has contributed to the inadequate disposal of waste, especially household waste. Researches reveal that there is a potential to be explored for individuals to be able to carry out the correct separation and disposal of their waste. The practice of disposing of household waste is guided by the presence of understandings, rules, teleoaffective structure and practical intelligibility, concepts presented in the Theory of Practice and that support the actions of individuals. In order to deepen the knowledge about the disposal practice, this study aims to understand the convergences between the household waste disposal practice and the solid waste public policy. To analyze this phenomenon, the municipality of Fortaleza, in the State of Ceará, was selected and although it has rules defined in the Municipal Plan for Integrated Solid Waste Management (PMGIRS), it still cannot put into practice all the actions that contribute to integrated management . This study presented relationships involving the purchase, consumption and disposal of waste, showing how the practice of disposal occurs, which begins with the consumer's purchase decision. As a basis, the PMGIRS was used in order to compare its rules with the disposal practice carried out by the residents of Fortaleza and find the points of convergence. It was found that not all actions carried out in the practice of disposal follow what is described in the PMGIRS, as there are several aspects that need to be analyzed and intervened. Among them: some residents do not use the Ecoponto, even though they know its importance; lack of knowledge about the types of waste, making correct separation impossible; and lack of guidance on how to dispose of waste. As suggested measures: educational actions and inclusion in programs to support selective collection. Finally, this study seeks to contribute with subsidies for the creation of new strategies, enabling the conduct of public policies, expansion of social marketing and integration of the solid waste management system with the practice of disposal in households by individuals.