A bovinocultura de corte brasileira na perspectiva da segurança alimentar e nutricional

Abstract

Brazil has the largest herd of cattle production in the world, however, there is no work to check that Brazilian beef cattle is following the principles adopted by the Food and Nutrition Security. So we searched the literature and documentation, and analysis of data provided by IBGE to initially verify that the area used for pasture is overlapping those used for food production to man, or even degrade the forest areas. Therefore, we calculated annual growth rates of pasture, crops and forests and analyzing these results it was verified that the largest growth of the planted area is planted in pastures and temporary crops, which is where is the soybean and corn, cereals most commonly used for animal feed and exports, and products used in the national food basket, produced in low quantities. In a second phase were observed the socio-economic, social, economic and environmental. To assess the socio-economic impact that the beef cattle were calculated because the occupations of the peasants with the sectors of agriculture, livestock and forestry. To assess social aspects were evaluated human health through the study of various zoonoses, contaminants and production activity that may cause harm to human health. Regarding the economic impact, the analysis turned to the accounts for the consumption of land and water for the production of animal protein and soy, noting the need for greater use of inputs for the production of beef. In the environmental assessment, there were potential impacts on each step of the beef cattle industry, since the time of implantation of pastures until the time of slaughter animals. Thus, we concluded that the Brazilian beef cattle walk without major issues relating to compliance with the principles of food safety and nutrition. It was concluded that the rural exodus is also driven by intense production of cattle, whose work occupies large areas and does not require much labor, replacing areas that could be occupied with activities such as agriculture which is the largest promoter of field work. Human health can be greatly shaken by the consumption of contaminated beef or contact with materials contaminated by animals or sick animals. Another inherent problem of food security and livestock was the use of some form of natural resources during entire process of production of beef.