A crise da democracia e os seus efeitos subjetivos no processo de identificação política do indivíduo

Abstract

The present work aims to investigate the subjective effects of the individual's political identification process, in order to draw an overview with Psychology, as a way to understand how the crisis of democracy occurs, as well as its nuances for the individual, which manifest themselves in the form of social pathologies. The study is supported by the concepts of democracy, crisis of representation and public institutions, and finds in Psychology its widest research environment, based on Freud’s theory to make a digression on the evolution of the individual and as a society. Also, the explanation of the concepts of mass man and the struggle for recognition discussed first by Hegel and later by Axel Honneth contribute to the construction of the individual's political-psychological profile. From this context, the subjective effects that derive from the individual's political identification process are highlighted, such as apathy and hatred in relation to politics. It is intended to verify that the crisis in the way that individuals see politics and democracy is responsible for the configuration of the social pathologies faced, highlighting neurosis and psychosis. The methodology used is bibliographical in nature, with the constant interdisciplinarity between Law and Psychology, in order to analyze the individual's psychological evolution and its implications in the construction of their political identity, with the consequent emergence of social pathologies as a symptom of illness of society, and especially of the individual, by fostering their apathy and disbelief in relation to democracy. Finally, it is concluded that social pathologies configure the subjective effects of the process of construction of the individual's political identity, in order to cause suffering and psychological disorders that need to be observed, so that democracy does not suffer from more. setbacks arising from the crisis of political legitimacy.