O trabalho como estrutura fundamental do ser social na ontologia de György Lukács

Abstract

We intend, with this dissertation, to explain that work, as a fundamental structure for the foundation and development of the social being, is responsible for the constitution of the human being. For that, we take as theoretical foundation, the ontology elaborated by the hungarian philosopher György Lukács that presents the premises for the understanding of the genesis of the social being. Likewise, we cannot forget Karl Marx's contributions to the understanding of the formation of the social being, as in his Economic-philosophical Manuscripts the work is presented as the category responsible for the production and reproduction of human life. The new conception of being, inaugurated by Marx and taken up in Lukács' ontology, breaks with traditional conceptions about social being, recognizing the historical and dynamic character for its understanding. Thus, the work in the conception of Marx and Lukács contributes to the overcoming of animality and to the ontological leap towards the constitution of social being that took place gradually. We also present how work is carried out in the reproduction process, which is important for the correct investigation of work in lukacsian ontology that leads beyond the original process of the social being, reaching both organic and social reproductive trends. Thus, we aim to investigate the ontological genesis of man and his social complexes, taking as an interpretive hypothesis the work process as responsible for the foundation and development of the social being. Finally, we took as methodological orientation the theoretical research, starting from the analysis of Lukács' work For an ontology of social being, mainly to his approach to the categories of work and reproduction and their contributions to the constitution of social being.