Cidade em trânsito: um estudo sobre as diferenças socioespaciais de Fortaleza presentes nas viagens do ônibus Grande Circular I (151)

Abstract

Internationally recognized for its extensive coastline that attracts tourists from all over the world and that masks the social disparities faced by its inhabitants, the city of Fortaleza is analyzed in this research based on trips made between August 2019 and June 2021, on the bus from urban line Grande Circular I (151), which runs through 33 of the 169 neighborhoods that comprise it. During approximately 4 hours of journey divided between the Antônio Bezerra, Siqueira, Messejana and Papicu terminals, we witnessed scenarios that externalize miserable housing conditions and that approach to planned and luxurious spaces for housing, consumption and leisure, as well as sharing the environment of public transport with passengers as diverse as the capital that surrounds us and who have different behaviors, languages or clothing, almost always corresponding to the regions in which they board or disembark. Based on an ethnographic methodology that prioritizes looking at the city from the inside out (MAGNANI, 2002), through participant observation (GUBER, 2001) and with the help of a logbook (WINKIN, 1998), we relate the phenomena found to discussions about the right to the city (LEFEBVRE, 1999, 2008), urbanization and mobility (AUGÉ, 2010; CAIAFA, 2002; MENEZES, 2014), creation of public places and spaces (AUGÉ, 1994; TUAN, 1983 ; CERTEAU, 2012), daily life (CERTEAU, 2012; PRIORI, 1997; GOFFMAN, 2013) and the communicative potential of public transport (BELCHIOR, 2010; CAIAFA, 2004, 2005; CANEVACCI, 2004), to finally present other facets of Fortalezas that coexist with that of postcards within the same territory.