Crianças no confessionário: infância, homoafetividade e culpa na literatura infantil brasileira

Abstract

At our research we were verify that inclusive literature for children, with focus on homoaffectivity thematic, is already a reality in brazilian’s literature for children, at least since the two last decades of the 20th century. In this thesis, we try to show how the plots – interest to us the verbal texts – deal with the childhood characters and their pairs, usually family and friends, involved in a context that, in some ways, raise homossexual experiences, directly or indirectly. We have assumed that this growing literature is really welcome from the point of view the training of more tolerant and large-minded individuals for the future. One of the key points of our thesis is ponder that children's literature has, in its origins, and we can hardly avoid this, educational issue for the little readers that inmanent feature; first at family and then at school, children's literature keeps being used for this goal. However, we propose to see this formative essence as an upside-down pedagogy, which doesn’t intend to form submissive and conservative individuals, but critical and progressive ones. We start by a historical and philosophical view of the guilty/sin in christians/catholics mentality, extending to the child/childhood discover present at children's literature to, at least, evaluate children's literature development since beginning until now, with emergence, although gradually, of plots that stimulate the acceptance of the other, the new, the different, specially the homoaffective issue. We adopt authors approaching the psychoanalytic theory in relation to the guilt and children literatura such as Bettelheim, Hesnard, Tournier, Boss; theorists that established the ground of Christianity such st Augustine and st Thomas Aquinas, until current Vatican's documents, such the catechism; scholars about symbolic power, sacred and evil academics as Ricouer, Bataille, Bourdier, Kierkegaard and Agamben; the childhood theorists Ariès, Heywood, Benjamin, Corazza, Chombart de Lauwe Mata, Cohn, Buckingham and Rousseau, and from theory of child cognitive development, Wallon e Piaget; plus, tens of children'´ss literature scholars from Brazil and around the world, such as Zilberman, Lajolo, Coelho, Yunes, Perrotti, Sandroni, Jesualdo, Hunt and Andruetto. We focused our thesis in 14 narratives, from books published between 1983 to 2018, which we observe a positive way for empowerment and acceptance of diversity in plots of brazilian’s children literature, which we denominate inclusive literature for children.