Enxergando o invisível com as mãos: elaboração de modelos didáticos táteis para o ensino inclusivo de microbiologia

Abstract

The topic of inclusion becomes recurrent when regards to an education system with equal opportunities for all students. It talks about respect and autonomy of the students with disabilities during the education process while it is expected the school should embrace them all. However, it is often the school do not have infrastructure nor education conditions to fulfill such expectations. The needs of smaller groups are not always considered due to those limitations, such as the visually impaired students. Inclusion of these students in regular classrooms is a challenge for both teachers and schools since the visual sense and content is privileged over the others. In the teaching of Science and Biology, many difficulties are encountered, since biological contents are complex, and most of the time, they need a visual experience to be understood. Therefore, this work aims to develop accessible teaching resources to assist in understanding the contents of microbiology by students with blindness and low vision capabilities in high school. For the project, tactile models of bacteria, viruses and fungi were build using different textures and reliefs. A manual with cooking protocols and three lesson plans was also produced. The tactile models elaborated on the topic of microorganisms in this work can favor a tactile reading during the explanations of the content by the teacher so that the student has a notion of their degree of organization and complexity. The manual was produced to assist the teacher in the development of accessible resources. The lesson plans have inclusive aspects seeking to contribute to inclusive teaching practice. The tactile didactic models made in this work can be used as support in Science and Biology classes during the explanation of the content by the teacher. In addition, because they have an attractive character, their use encompasses all students during the class, providing the inclusion of them all.