Mapa da exclusão social num país assimétrico: Brasil

Abstract

In this study, we constructed the Index of Social Exclusion (ISE) in order to identify the poverty pattern, as a kind of social exclusion, in the 5,506 counties of 26 Brazilian States and 19 districts of Brasilia D.C. In order to construct ISE, we used 5 variables as defined: deprivation of safe water; deprivation of sanitation; deprivation of garbage collecting by public service; deprivation of education; and deprivation of income. The evidences founded in this study showed that Northeast is the poorest region among the five regions of Brazil. This region concentrates the majority of social excluded population in this Country. In this region we found out the county which has the largest IES (Fernando Falcão, at Maranhão State). In Northeast we also find the county with the least income (Cantanhede, also located at Maranhão State). In addition, is Maranhão the State which has the largest ISE among all the Brazilian States. The search also showed that Lago Sul, a Brasília D.C District, has the largest average income among all cities of Brazil. This income, as the study showed, represents 64.55 times the average income of Cantanhede. The search finished suggesting profound changes in priorities of public policies in Brazil in order to revert such dramatic social and economic indicators.