A importância da função regulatória da organização mundial do comércio em um contexto de crise econômica mundial, desglobalização e protecionismo do EUA

Abstract

Much has been debated regarding the international trade on the role of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Discussions have been in the face of a number of factors contributing to weakening the importance of the WTO as an institution capable of regulating (and liberalizing) trade between countries, providing opportunities for developed countries and better prospects for developing countries, including in the social sphere. Global transformations, such as the increase in digital commerce, the scarcity of food in many countries, the problem of the right to water, and the proliferation of multilateral trade agreements, outside the field of interference and action by the WTO, are important elements brought to the discussion which even point to an end to the WTO. In addition to these elements, the idea of de-globalization is framed in this crisis, infusing an attack against globalization and pointing to the WTO as also responsible for the social problems of developing countries. Add to that the policy that has been adopted by US President Donald Trump, who has imposed protectionist measures on the domestic market, including by applying surcharges to foreign products. Thus, the present article analyzes the criticisms that are made to the mission of WTO, in order to demonstrate that those (critics), despite having grounds that justify them, do not eliminate the importance of the Organization in the regulation of international trade, and it is also important for development and social inclusion, especially in developing countries.