Implementação de comando numérico computadorizado em uma furadeira de bancada

Abstract

In an increasingly technological world, the optimization of processes and cost reduction is a reality, in this context the demand for automation of machines is of high interest. Traditional manufacturing processes have been automated but there aren’t low-cost development projects of a CNC machine, integrating an XY coordinate table to a drill for movement on the Z axis. For this, it is demonstrated in detail all the steps of the development of the project, the disassembly of the original drive system of the drill. Are discussed the calculations for power validation used by the stepper motor. It is approached details of the design and construction of the metallic support of fastening of the step motor in the pre-existing structure in the bench drill, using for the project the method of simulation by finite elements. It also approaches the configuration steps with the Mach3 software, enabling the output signals from the controller board and defining operational limits of the machine tool. After the Z-axis calibration procedure is approached, it shows the method used to measure the actual displacement. After completing the automation of the drill, it was integrated to an XY coordinate table and made a functional test. The result was a functional low-cost CNC machine with easy-to-use components and small finishing work on wood pieces as well as educational purposes.