Emulação dinâmica de uma turbina eólica utilizando um MIT com controle vetorial de velocidade

Abstract

Among renewable energies, wind energy has been highlighted worldwide due to the increasing application in the conversion into electric energy. Due to winds stochastic nature, wind-power ge-neration has become an study object regarding the impacts of a variable output power generationon the power grid. Factors that influence power control are analyzed, especially the wind turbine,the generator and the associated static converters technologies. In this context, this work aimsto model and implement a wind turbine emulator using a three-phase induction motor (TIM)operating at variable speed. The wind turbine emulation offers benefits in terms of cost andphysical installation space, and flexibility in control strategies implementation. The developedemulator is dynamic and therefore considers the wind turbine aerodynamic effects, such as thetower’s shadow and wind shear effects. To emulate the wind turbine mechanical dynamics, the two masses concentrated parameters model was used, which also considers the engine dynamics.In order to assess the behavior of the wind turbine dynamic model, wind gust and variation testswere performed. To control the tree-phase induction motor, a vector control technique is used,the direct oriented field control (DFO) type. The work proposes a reconfiguration in the fluxestimator, by changing the integrator’s location to increase the system’s performance. In addition,the estimation is done without voltage sensors for the purpose of reducing the system total cost.The complete structure validation was done by computer simulation and on experimental bench.The simulation results have shown the emulator capacity to represent an wind turbine dynamics,including a power step test. The experimental results have demonstrated a satisfactory response of the implemented controls of current, flux and speed when submitted to speed variations.