Ensino e aprendizagem de literatura no nível médio da região metropolitana de Fortaleza: progressão cognitiva e interação discursiva

Abstract

The present work focuses on the teaching and learning of the literary text. Whether it is considered as a particular form of discourse or as an object of consumption of a literary system, the literary text requires a specific didactic-pedagogical commitment from the school. The research is in line with the Discursive Semiotics proposed by Greimas, that is, the class is here understood as a discursive genre in which a destination (teacher) proposes to the recipient (students) the acquisition of the literary text as an objective. With this understanding, this work exposes findings of a research on the cognitive levels related to teaching and learning of Literature, with scope in the public high school of the metropolitan region of Fortaleza (CEBrazil). The data were collected by trainees, who applied questionnaires based on the Bloom’s Taxonomy for the cognitive domain. A total of 405 questionnaires were applied, distributed between 2014 and 2017. A total of 405 questionnaires were applied, distributed between 2014 and 2017, being one form for each class observed. The first three cognitive levels (knowledge, understanding and application) represent 89% of the classes observed, remaining 11% for the highest levels (analysis, application and evaluation). The data suggest a need to elevate cognitive levels to higher levels, which requires a didactic-pedagogical practice that centralizes the experience in the literary text, considered as its own discursive form, through group dynamics, respecting learners as protagonists of their own learning.