Geoprocessamento aplicado à análise de vulnerabilidade socioambiental do baixo curso do rio Maranguapinho – Fortaleza-CE.

Abstract

Socio-environmental vulnerability is related to an inequality that can be expressed by an environmental and socio-economic character. In general, social and environmental vulnerabilities are associated with areas and groups that find themselves in situations of certain risks and insalubrity, both natural, social and environmental. To this end, the use of Geoprocessing becomes an effective tool for the spatialization, operationalization and treatment of specific data, as well as the main contribution to vulnerability studies, in potential for the prevention and even mitigation of certain risks. In the meantime, the study aims to analyze through spatialization the socio-environmental vulnerability of the (six) neighborhoods: Autran Nunes, Antônio Bezerra, Dom Lustosa, Henrique Jorge, João XXIII and Parque Genibaú, these comprise the low course of the Maranguapinho River, located in the western sector of the city of Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará. We sought to use both primary and secondary data, with methodological support in bibliographic reviews and cartographic materials referring to the study area, with the help of geoprocessing techniques for the generation of statistical indexes of social, environmental and socio-environmental vulnerability (SVI, EVI and SEVI), of the most socially and environmentally vulnerable areas to human occupation, as well as certain risks. The census sectors were adopted as a spatial analysis and totaled about 201 sectors, incorporated in the boundaries and distributed throughout the neighborhoods. The need for integrated associations of social, natural and environmental factors is stressed, in addition to the importance of socio-environmental diagnoses with emphasis on studies of vulnerability and its spatial distribution in the urban environment, for purposes of urban-environmental management and planning.