O texto e suas propriedades: definindo perspectivas para análise

Abstract

This article takes up an old but always current reflection on the text-defining properties as a research object of Text Linguistics. Definitions of different theoretical perspectives are compared here (ADAM, 2019, BAKHTHIN, 1997, AMOSSY, 2017, AUTHIER-REVUZ, 1994, CAVALCANTE, 2016, KERBRAT-ORECCHIONI, 2006). We associate with bakhtinian dialogism when we consider the idea that the text happens concretely as an enunciative event and we think that the relations of meaning that establish the text as a unit of coherence are a simulacrum. Such relations of meaning are established, in incessant negotiation, by the interactive activity of the interlocutors in the particular communicative situation, by the cotextual signs integrated into the sociocultural context, by the determinations of genres, by the intertextual clues and by the argumentative feud that guide this negotiation. With this paper we intend to propose a set of properties which configure the object text within Text Linguistics nowadays, in order to define the wider postulates that determine the phenomena to be investigated and the analysis categories to be activated. This proposition has led the group Protexto to revise the concepts with which Text Linguistics deals. In this work, which initiates such an enterprise, we catalog some key ideas, which support the updating we intend to do: the explicitization of the text as an event; subject cleft constructions and the voices which traverse it; the eminently interactional, discursive and argumentative nature of production and comprehension processes; and the multisemiotic configuration of the text materiality.