Granulomatose com poliangeíte: evolução atípica com acometimento peritoneal

Abstract

Granulomatosis with polyangeitis (GPA) is a vasculitis of small vessels, which presents with immunologically mediated vascular inflammatory involvement, determining structural and functional damage to the vessel wall. The disease predominantly affects the upper and lower airways and the kidneys, which can lead to granulomatous formations, vasculitis and necrosis of these organs. Clinical presentations with dermatological, neurological, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal involvement are atypical and may represent a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. We report a case of a 26-year-old patient diagnosed with Granulomatosis with polyangeitis, presenting at the beginning of his clinical course an involvement of the gastrointestinal tract in isolation, with involvement of other organs, later on in his clinical evolution. Gastrointestinal involvement routinely occurs within the first two years of disease progression and may be the first finding of Granulomatosis with polyangeitis, preceding more frequent clinical manifestations of the disease, which may hinder early diagnosis.