Águas subterrâneas no Ceará: análise de corrosividade e incrustação

Abstract

The state of Ceará, especially in the backlands, has always been susceptible to water crisis due to the irregularity of the wet season, resulting in low water levels in the reservoirs. Well construction is an alternative to combat water scarcity as groundwater is less vulnerable to evaporation. However, water obtained through wells are not always of good quality, crystalline basement is predominant in the state and wells drilled in these regions commonly have brackish water. High salinity and other factors in groundwater composition can cause corrosion and fouling problems in the well capture system. Thus, the objective of this work is the analysis of the physicochemical parameters to identify the aggressiveness of the waters and to plan an efficient maintenance. For the study, fifteen water samples were collected in different wells in three regions of the state, chemical analysis followed procedures from (APHA, 2012) and were performed at the Laboratório de Química Ambiental in Fundação Núcleo de Tecnologia Industrial do Ceará (NUTEC). The Langelier saturation and Ryznar stability indices were used to connect the results obtained and the corrosive or fouling behavior of the waters. The obtained results show that the groundwater of the North and South regions of the state has corrosive character and in the Sertão region fouling behavior.