Rousseau: indivíduo, república e educação

Abstract

When focusing on man, it is inevitable to adress the issue of education, an effort that is part of the philosophical tradition initiated by Plato in his work The Republic. Tradition that is also maintained by Rousseau in his works. The emphasis on the subject is related to the adjustment of man to a particular context, especially the context of a Republic, which can be defined from this question: what formative process would be appropriate for the formation of man so that he could fulfill himself in this context? From this question, the present work aimed to discuss the importance of education as a mechanism to preserve the constitution of the individual, which enables the latter to construct its own realization. The methodological path included the analysis of two works of Rousseau, Emilio and Social Contract. In Emilio, the philosopher of Geneva points to an individual who has the possibility of overcoming the perspective of dependence marked by life in society. In this way, one tries to present how important the formation of the individual is so that he can guarantee the maintenance and the construction of a social structure, of a republic, that enables him to realize it. The social structure can only be sustained by the performance of individuals who have themselves. This means that during the formative process the constitution of the individual must be ensured. It only has the possession of itself, who has its constitution maintained by a rigorous formative process. Thus, to the extent that individuals are formed to assume a non dependency posture, they will be able to build a republic whose dynamics will strengthen the achievement of all its members.