Eficácia de atrativos alimentares na promoção do consumo alimentar e desempenho zootécnico de juvenis do camarão branco, Litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

This study compared the feed preference and growth response of L. vannamei to chemoattractants. A diet with 3% fi shm eal was supplemented with either 3% krill meal ( KRM ), squid meal SQM ), shrimp head meal SHM ), shrimp meal SM ), squid liver meal ( SLM ), salmon meal POS ), soy protein concentrate (NEG) or 5% liquid sar dine hydrolysate ( SAH ). Shrimp of 0.99 ± 0.08 g were stocked under 100 animals/m 2 in fifty six 1 m 3 tanks and fed 10 times daily for 74 days. Feed preference was evaluated by feeding shrimp of 10.87 ± 1.82 g in excess twice a day for 10 days in two separate feeding trays allocated in fifty 0.5 m 3 tanks. Survival reached 93.3 ± 5.80%. Final body weight (BW) was highest for shrimp fed KRM supplemented diet (11.97 ± 0.93 g), followed by POS (11.11 ± 0.77 g), and SQM (11.01 ± 1.17 g). Diets SHM , SM , SLM , and NEG showed a lower shrimp BW compared to POS, but were not statistically different among them. Shrimp fed SAH diet achieved the lowest BW (10.06 ± 1.02 g). The highest gained yield was obtained with diets KRM and POS. No statistical difference was observed in s hrimp yield among other diets. The lowest FCR was achieved with shrimp fed KRM (1.31 ± 0.05) when compared to diets SHM (1.47 ± 0.05), SAH (1.47 ± 0.07), and SLM (1.45 ± 0.17). When diets were confronted with each other, shrimp preferred SHM and KRM , but ex cept when these were compared to SQM and SLM . No difference in feed preference was found between diets with SQM and SLM . SAH was the least preferred raw material in all comparisons. Results indicated that KRM acts as a powerful feeding effector and growth enh ancer in fishmeal challenged diets for whiteleg shrimp. A dietary supplementation with 3% KRM is more effective than the same dose of any other chemoattractant evaluated.