Avaliação nutricional e das atividades anticolinesterásica, antifúngica e antioxidante de produtos obtidos de pescados marinhos do Estado do Ceará.

Abstract

Fish should be considered as a functional food, in addition to being a high nutritional value alternative, mainly due to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Ceará State has a vast coastline with a great variety of fish. Some species are commercially important; however, others are devalued from a commercial and mainly nutritional point of view. Thus, the objective of this work was to study twelve species of marine fish caught on the coast of Ceará, evaluating the nutritional value of the fish and the biotechnological potential of its by-products. The species studied were: Balistes capriscus (grey triggerfish), Cephalopholis fulva (coney), Ginglymostoma cirratum (nurse shark), Haemulon aurolineatum (tomtate grunt), Haemulon parrai (chere-chere grunt), Haemulon plumieri (white grunt), Lutjanus synagris (lane snapper), Malacanthus plumieri (sand tilefish), Myrispristes jacobus (blackbar soldierfish), Scomberomorus brasiliensis (serra Spanish mackerel), Scomberomorus cavalla (king mackerel) and Sparisoma chrysopterum (gray Parrotfish). The determination of the centesimal composition and calorific value of the fish fillets was carried out, followed by determination of the mineral composition of the fillets and heads, through Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.The oils were extracted, transmethylated, characterized by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometer and evaluation of anticholinesterase activity. And the gelatin of B. capriscus skin was extracted, characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen and evaluated for anticholinesterase, antifungal and antioxidant activities. All the analyzed species showed high Ca, P, Fe and Zn contents, especially in the heads. The oils of H. plumieri, L. synagris and S. cavalla presented expressive percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as the most potent anticholinesterase activities, which may contribute to the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's disease. And the gelatine of B. capriscus obtained from the skin showed a protein percentage of 61%, with anticholinesterasic, antifungical and antioxidant activities.