A Festa da carnaúba como ação educativa no ensino de ciências e biologia na escola indígena Tapeba do trilho

Abstract

This research sought understand how the socioenvironmental issues experienced by an indigenous community are inserted in the teaching of Science and Biology, enabling the systematization of educational actions and differentiated strategies of teaching and learning for teachers and students by means Critical Environmental Education. The central perspective of this work is to value the curriculum within its specificities, interculturality and the territory's experience, culture and science, based on analysis and investigation of the works carried out by the Tapeba do Trilho Indigenous School from XVIII Cultural Tapeba Fair and XIX Festival of Carnaúba. The theoretical foundations discussed here intertwine Critical Environmental Education, Indigenous School Education and Interculturality. From a work methodology based in narratives, the data were collected from experiences with the community (inventoried in a Field Journal), interviewing, which enabled a sensitive list of teachers and leaders, and construction of talking maps with students. The threshed methodology allowed the co-authoring of an Educational Product (PE), fruit of the knowledge and experiences of the Tapeba do Trilho Indigenous School, considering the socioenvironmental and cultural context in which the school is inserted. It was observed that the social issues of the community mingle with the issues of the territory. Biology is present not only in Tapeba’s flora and fauna, but also in the stories of land repossessions for housing and subsistence, in the use of traditional robes and handicrafts made with seeds, feathers and shells, in body paintings, in medicinal herbs and seasonal fruits. In addition to the "natural" issues, spirituality, circularity and community involvement are observed at indigenous songs and Toré dance, intertwining elements of culture, nature and territory. In this sense, the Educational Product sought to provide a differentiated teaching material that establishes a link between popular wisdom, culture, identity and scientific research, from the performance of differentiated activities. The Educational Product resulting from this research was made available through the website entitled "The Indigenous Biology - The Carnaúba Festival as a Tool for Scientific Research", composed of field activities and participative projects, in order to value the territory and the culture Tapeba by through scientific research and critical environmental education.