Ação da suplementação de leite e de leite com mistura de óleos ômegas 3, 6 e 9 sobre camundongos durante a meia idade

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases are one of the main diseases associated with aging. In these cases, low-intensity chronic inflammation of may result in neuronal loss in the brain. The management of this inflammation could delay the onset of these diseases. In the current work, milk added with a mixture of omega 3, 6 and 9 oils was given to daily ad libitum to mice (GT2). The control group (GC) and test 1 group (GT1) received water and skim milk, respectively. After 280 days (t1) (beginning of mice middle age) and 400 days (t2) of experiment (late mice middle age), tests were performed to the groups. It was shown there is a decrease in working memory with aging in the Y labyrinth test: mean intergroups t2 [57.99 (51.79 – 64.19)] lower than t1 [67.10 (63.37-70.83)] (p = 0.003). There was also an increase in depressive behavior in the forced swim test: GC t2 [101.70 (62.30 – 141.11)] greater than t1 [38.51 (1.39 – 75.63)] (p = 0.007). Chronic supplementation of milk with the oil mix promoted a lower depression behavior in older middle-aged animals: GT2 t2 [55.30 (30.70 - 79.91)] lower than t1 [113.06 (80.52 - 145.60)] (p = 0.024). Ingestion of milk with or without the oils mix protected against the anhedonia behavior associated with aging in the sucrose preference test: GT1 t2 [100.00 (100.00 - 100.00)] and GT2 t2 [100.00 (100.00 - 100.00)] greater than GC t2 [50.00 (30.84 - 69.16)]. Milk with or without the oils mix provided a neuroprotective effect in the younger middle-aged animals (t1): less lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in pre-frontal cortex tissues, GT1 [102,87 (89,45- 116, 29)] and GT2 [114.86 (90.59 - 139.14)] lower than GC [175.51 (139.98 - 211.03)], p <0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively; in the hippocampus, GT1 [ 266.88 (154.88 - 378.88)] and GT2 [210.02 (173.71 - 246.33)] lower than GC [388.43 (292.74 - 484.13)], both p <0.001; and in the striatum, GT1 [186.72 (165.22 - 208.21)] and GT2 [173.50 (161.23 - 185.78)] lower than GC [256.96 (232.19) - 281.74)], p = 0.001 and p <0.001, respectively. The oils mix promoted a lower level of lipid peroxidation in the striatum of older animals: GT2 t2 [98.09 (85.67 - 110.51)] lower than GC [130.69 (105.53 - 155, 84)] (p = 0.04). Milk with oils mix caused an increase in MPO activity in older middle-aged animals in the pre-frontal cortex: GT2 t2 [.21 (0.15 - 0.27)] greater than GC [0.12 (0.09-0.15)] (p = 0.024); in the hippocampus: GT2 [0.25 (0.22-0.28)] greater than GC [0.14 (0.11-0.17) (p <0.001) and greater than GT1 [0.14 (0.10-0.18)] (p <0.001); and in the striatum: GT2 [0.28 (0.17-0.40)] higher than GC [0.08 (0.03-0.12)] (p <0.001) and greater than GT1 [0.10 (0.07-0.13)] (p <0.001), without promoting increased lipid peroxidation in this group of brain homogenates. Keywords: Aging. Neuron. Nutraceuticals. Fatty acids. Inflammation.