A classificação em crianças de pré-escola: contribuições do Flex Memo

Abstract

To make sense of life is the great challenge of man. It is therefore necessary for him to know that reality is constructed by his action, and it is imperative that he understands, through elaboration of hypotheses, the intricate relations between objects and events. In order to analyze the development of the logical structures of children's thinking in the Preschool, especially the classification, this research uses jokes and listening to them. The Genetic Epistemology of Jean Piaget was the main theoretical contribution of this research, whose general objective was to analyze the classification schemes used by children when playing memory with the Flex memo. Specifically, to describe the classificatory thinking of children in the memory game using the Flex memo and to identify the classification level of the children participating in this study. The Flex memo is a cardboard toy that enables children to expand their mental schemes, and thus broaden concepts. The methodology used was the field study, which indicates principles, rules, flexibility and depth to be observed during the investigation. The subjects were 8 (eight) pre-school children of the municipal public network of Maracanaú. The instruments used were: participant observation and encounters with children to play memory with the toy Flex memo. Data were collected using field diary, video recordings and photographs. The research found that the children of Pre I were very stuck to their ideas and did not have as partners the other children of the group, because there was a predominance of individual plays. The children of Pre II were characterized by the predominance of compliance with rules, competitiveness and concentration in the games. In relation to classificatory thinking, the proposed game allowed the use of this type of reasoning, favoring its complexity, as it extended degrees of difficulty with the different criteria. It was found that the Flex memo toy contributes significantly to the expansion and mobilization of logical structures of thought starting from a traditional memory game and varying the criteria in the choice of corresponding pair formation.