Análise ambiental integrada e os impactos decorrentes do uso e ocupação na microbacia do Igarapé Água Boa do Bom Intento, Boa Vista-RR

Abstract

The water catchment area of the igarapé Água Boa do Bom Intento is located in the central region of the state of Roraima, with an area of 271.82 km² and extension of the main channel of 32.17 km from the source to the mouth. The objective of this research was to carry out an integrated study of the landscape in the hydrographic microbasin of the igarapé Água Boa do Bom Intento, analyzing the forms of use, occupation and impacts generated and and environmental planning and recovery indicators. In methodological terms, the integrated analysis was elaborated from the characterization of the components of the environmental systems, the morphometric analysis of the hydrographic basin, the occupation processes, the environmental impacts, the chemical, physical and microbiological analysis of water. The catchment area is located in the Boa Vista formation region and the Areias Brancas formation, dominated by Central Guyana, presenting the soils in two main types: Argisol gray aluminum and latosol yellow aluminum. The climate that characterizes the region of the Lavrados of Roraima is the tropical monsoon of the type Awi, with annual average temperatures of 26ºC and the highest average annual rainfall over 1600 mm. The physiography consists of Savannah Park, Savannah Graminosa, Small Forest Islands, Gallery Forests and Buritis Forests. The morphometric indices indicate a microbasin with a dendritic drainage pattern, with a low degree of branching, with a rectilinear course, an elongated shape, a low altitudinal range, a low roughness index, a low relief ratio and a low drainage density, slopes with low slope, less susceptible to flooding, higher flow velocities and channels of little extension. The main forms of use and occupation are the small properties for in recreation, for subsistence agriculture, farms for fish farming, livestock and planting of grains, the main environmental impacts being the irregular launch of domestic sewage, the disposal of inorganic waste, erosive processes and deforestation in the Permanent Preservation Areas. As for the water of the igarapé it is classified as special class of fresh water, for human consumption and supply and excellent category for recreation of primary contact.