Co-seleção de resistência a antimicrobianos induzida por exposição a pesticidas em bactérias ambientais

Abstract

The concern with the presence of pesticides in the environment is as old as the introduction of these substances in the control of pests and diseases that affect agricultural production. The use of agricultural defensives in the Brazilian countryside has brought a number of consequences, both for the environment and for the health of the rural worker. Studies show that microorganisms exposed to pesticides are subjected to a selective shock, developing resistance to some compounds and also some antimicrobials in a phenomenon known as "cross resistance". The aim of this work was to detect in vitro the phenomenon of induction of the expression of resistance to antibiotics in bacteria after exposure to different concentrations of the herbicides atrazine and glyphosate. For this purpose, it has been exposed in vitro to herbicides and subjected to an antibiogram test with exposure and without exposure to pesticides. The results showed a variation in the profile of response from exposure to herbicides. Certain antibiotics presented cross-resistance with the pesticides used. In addition, both the action of atrazine and glyphosate triggered a high resistance index, mainly to the antibiotics, components of the cell wall synthesis inhibition group: ampicillin and penicillin. The multiple resistance index showed bactéria resistant to up to three different antibiotics.