Qualidade de vida e jornada de trabalho na enfermagem: revisão integrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Quality of life is a concept propagated in a variety of work environments, associating, as a rule, with the health of the worker. In several countries, work shows that nursing has long working hours, associated with poor working conditions, low autonomy, a lot of responsibility and low valuation, which generates high physical and emotional demand. Faced with this situation, the interest arose to know and evaluate the repercussions of this excessive working day, in the work environment, as well as in its own state of health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific evidence available in the literature about the work day and the quality of life of nursing professionals. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative review, following the steps recommended by Mendes, Silveira and Galvão (2008). The search and selection of the studies were performed in the LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE and BDENF databases. The final sample was 10 articles. RESULTS: According to the language of publication, 60% (n = 6) of the articles were published in English and 30% (n = 3) of articles were published in Portuguese and 10% (n = 01) of articles were published in Spanish. As regards the site, one was developed in the United States, one in Spain, two in Ethiopia, one in Thailand, two in Europe and three in Brazil. In relation to the year of publication, one published in 2013, three were published in 2014, two in 2015, three in 2016 and one in 2018. Regarding the professional category studied, all articles (n = 10), that is, 100% were developed with the Nurse, and no studies were found with other categories of Nursing. The studies were evaluated and distributed in four thematic categories: Category I - Association of long working days to increase the development of Burnout Syndrome, Category II - Association of long working hours to increase stress level, Category III - Association of long working days with negative consequences for patient safety, Category IV - Analysis of the relationship between long working hours and the quality of life of the professional, according to gender. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: In this literature review, it was possible to gather, characterize and evaluate the knowledge produced level about the work day and quality of life of nursing professionals, seeking to deepen the discussions on this subject.