Atributos fisiológicos de sementes de cultivares de feijão-caupi após armazenamento em câmara Fria

Abstract

The storage of seeds in a controlled condition represents a fundamental step in the preservation of the physiological quality for a longer time, but it presents variation as a function of factors such as the species and genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of cowpea seeds of the cultivars Pitiúba (CE-31) and BRS Marataoã (CE-933), stored in cold chamber during different time intervals. The experiment was carried out between August and November 2018 at the Laboratory of Analysis Seed the Department of Phytotechnology of the University Federal of Ceará, in Fortaleza-CE, using cultivar seeds stored in the Cowpea Germplasm Bank of the Department of The percentage of germination, speed index, mean germination time, shoot and root length, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, percentage and the rate of emergence speed were determined in the years 2006, 2010 and 2017. The treatments were set up in factorial arrangement 3 (2006, 2010 and 2017) x 2 (Pitiúba and Marataoã), and then arranged in a completely causalized design. Data were submitted to analysis of variance with the aid of the SISVAR® program, at 5% probability and the significant variables were compared by the Tukey test at a 5% probability level. The reduction of the physiological quality is more significant only in the seeds stored for 12 years, mainly the one of the cultivar CE-31 that presented reduction in the germination. The reduction of vigor occurred with an increase in storage time, especially in relation to the membrane integrity, in which it showed greater sensitivity in the distinction of the vigor of the cultivars. The physiological quality of the seeds of cultivar CE-933 can be preserved when stored in controlled environments, longer when compared to CE-31.