Comportamentos destrutivos entre profissionais de saúde e seus impactos para a equipe de enfermagem e os pacientes em emergência hospitalar

Abstract

Disruptive behavior refers to disrespectful behaviors adopted in the workplace by health professionals, and may manifest as incivility, psychological violence or physical/sexual violence. Such behaviors are more prevalent in critical units, such as emergency, but there is a shortage of studies on the subject in general, which led to the development of this study. The objective was to analyze disruptive behaviors among health professionals according to the perception of hospital emergency nursing staff, as well as their impact on patients and staff. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in the largest public hospital in Ceará, from April to November 2018. The sample consisted of 46 members of nursing team from the general and obstetric emergency units, including nurses and nursing technicians. Data collection was done through two instruments: the Johns Hopkins Disruptive Clinician Behavior Survey (JHDCBS) - Brazilian Version and a complementary sociodemographic questionnaire. The data were processed in the Excel program, analyzed through means and standard deviation of the assertions, as well as relative and absolute frequences of the variables. They were then presented in tables. As a result, the majority of participants was female, nurses, with a workload of 40 hours per week, performing their functions by cooperative. Theunprofessional behaviors were identified as occasional, being the most pointed: passive-aggressive behavior and rude/disrespectful behavior. As a consequence, a greater impact of these behaviors on the work relationship with the team members, emotional exhaustion and job dissatisfaction was observed. For the patients, 54,4% of participants reported incidents that did not reach the patient (near miss) and 24,0% perceived the occurrence of adverse events resulting from these behaviors by health professionals. It was possible to conclude that, although the surveys indicate a higher prevalence of the unprofessional behavior in the emergency units, observation and notification of these behaviors were not common in the scenario investigated, which may suggest a positive finding. However, there was fear of retaliation by most professionals, as well as other factors associated with the underreporting of these destructive behaviors.