Perfil microbiológico de um complexo hospitalar de atenção terciária da rede pública do Ceará: uma ferramenta para promover a aplicação da antibioticoterapia empírica racional

Abstract

Infection is a common factor for hospitalization and the increase of patient stay in this environment. Antibiotics are an important resource for the treatment of infectious diseases, but their indiscriminate and / or inadequate use has led to the selection of resistant strains. Taking into consideration that most of the cases of infection begin treatment empirically, it becomes necessary to know the epidemiological profile and sensitivity of each type of infection, which allows a rational antibiotic therapy. To evaluate the microbiological profile of infections and antimicrobial susceptibility of strains isolated from patients attending a hospital complex in the public network of Fortaleza. Descriptive study with quantitative approach. Data were collected in the MASTER system and a structured instrument was used to evaluate the microbiological and resistance profile of the strains isolated from January to October 2018. The highest prevalence of positive cultures was in patients aged 41-60 years (31,2%), female (60.6%) and hospitalized in nursing beds (45.3%). Regarding cultures, 40.21% of the microorganisms were isolated in uroculture, followed by blood culture (23.21%), rectal swab (14.96%) and tracheal aspirate (7.10%); The most isolated microorganisms in uroculture were: Escherichia coli (50.21%), Klebsiella spp (19.84%) and fungi of the genus Candida (7.25%). The most prevalent blood culture isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci (22.27%), Klebsiella spp (20.14%) and Escherichia coli (12.32%). Finally, the most isolated microorganisms in the tracheal aspirate were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.43%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (25,58%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (11,53%). The isolates presented a sensitivity profile similar to that described in the national literature. From the above, we can conclude that if the objective is to control the emergence and dissemination of resistant strains, the appropriate use of antimicrobials in the therapy of infectious diseases becomes urgent and indispensable, for this it is necessary to understand the local profile of these infections.