Avaliação do nível de ansiedade em pacientes no pré e pós transplante renal

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a public health problem worldwide, including developing countries, the prevalence of CKD has increased considerably in recent years. Patients with CKD who undergo renal replacement therapy (SRT) are susceptible to a higher prevalence of mood disorders, including anxiety. Anxiety is considered to be very prevalent mood disorder among patients who perform SRT, so they should be diagnosed and treated appropriately in order to improve the quality of life of patients with CKD. To compare the occurrence of anxiety among groups of patients in renal replacement therapy who were indicated for renal transplantation and in patients undergoing renal transplantation. An exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative study was carried out at the Ambulatório de Transplante Renal do Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio da Universidade Federal do Ceará – HUWC which attends patients in outpatient follow-up in the pre- and postrenal transplant period. The sample consisted of 172 patients, including the group of patients listed for renal transplantation and the group of renal transplant recipients and they were recruited for convenience. Inclusion criteria were: patients 18 years of age or older, followed up in the pre- or post-renal transplant period at the outpatient clinic. As an exclusion criterion, patients with severe cognitive disorders and psychotropic use were used when it was not possible to answer the questions satisfactorily. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used, and the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE), which encompasses two scales being the IDATE-T for trace and IDATE-E for the state. According to the scores obtained in the inventory, the majority were between 40 and 59 years of age in both groups, predominantly male (48.0%) in pre-transplant and (57.3%) patients post-transplant. Predatory education (75.8%) pre and (62.9%) post education, receiving government aid (78.3%) pre and (80.9%) post, coming from the Northeast region (81,9%) pre and (82.0%) powders. Most patients have reported hypertension as the main cause of loss of kidney function. The post-transplant (69.9%) and pre-transplant ID cards (69.9%), both classified with moderate anxiety, were correlated with IDATE-E (56.6%) pre-transplant and 64, 1%) post-transplant, both classified as low anxiety level. The identification of psychological changes, such as anxiety, is relevant to improving appropriate care for patients with the goal of ensuring preventive programs and interventions appropriate to the needs of each individual.