Introdução, caracterização morfoagronômica e fisiologica de sete acessos de feijão-caupi no Banco de germoplasma da Universidade Federal do Ceará.

Abstract

Cowpea beans are of great economic and social importance throughout the world, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. However, its productivity is considered very low in Brazil, due to the low technological level used in the crops. Thus, knowing and using promising cultivars can be a strategy for crop improvement in the Brazilian semiarid region. In this sense, the objective of this work was to perform the introduction, morphological and physiological characterization of seven accessions of cowpea in the Active Bank of Germplasm of the Federal University of Ceará. The experiment was carried out in the area of renewal and multiplication of cowpea, during the February to May of the year 2018. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial scheme, referring to 7 genotypes and 2 evaluation periods. The morphoagronomic variables evaluated were the botanical and agronomic descriptors described for the cowpea crop. The physiological variables evaluated were: photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, ratio between internal and external CO2 concentration, water use efficiency and instantaneous carboxylization efficiency. The highest production accesses obtained from the morphoagronomic characterization were BRS Acauã, Pingo de Ouro 1,2 and Santo Inácio, with production per plant of 121.5 g / plant, 96.1g / plant and 107.22g / plant, respectively. For the physiological variables, the BRS Acauã and Pingo de Ouro 1,2 accessions responded better in the reproductive phase for the photosynthesis and transpiration variables, the Santo Inácio genotype excelled in the analyzes of Ci / Ca, EUA and EiC.