Renovação e caracterização morfoagronômica de acessos de feijão-caupi do banco ativo de germoplasma da Universidade Federal do Ceará

Abstract

The cowpea [Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp.)], Being a food rich in proteins and other nutrients, represents one of the most important legumes of the diet in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil. Due to its socioeconomic importance and to agricultural development, it has been conserved in germplasm collections in Brazil. These collections are important because they allow the performance of genetic improvement research that uses this genetic diversity. The objective of this study was to perform the regeneration and morphoagronomic characterization of 58 accessions of cowpea of the Germplasm Active Bank (GAB) of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC). The regeneration of the GAB occurs every 5 years, guaranteeing the preservation and maintenance of these accesses. We used 15 descriptors for the characterization, where 7 are quantitative and 8 qualitative. A descriptive statistical analysis of the quantitative traits was carried out, where considerable values of production for the access CE-881 (975 g) and precocity of the plant (32 days) were highlighted for accesses CE-109, CE-390, CE- 789, EC-953. For the qualitative characteristics, the great variability in the size of the plant stands out, in which 9 are erect, 21 semi-erect, 27 semi-prostate and 1 prostate, the colors of the grains and the shape of the grains. It was also observed the occurrence of segregation in the CE-987 access, with color variation.