O impacto da abertura comercial sobre a competitividade da indústria têxtil da Região Nordeste

Abstract

This ork analyzed the competitiveness ofthe textile industry ofthe Northeast Area ofBrazil in the period commercial powder-opening. At the beginning, we used as criterion of analysis ofthe competitiveness, some efficiency indicators and of acting ofthe principal segments that ompose the national textile industry, that is, the spinning, the weaving and the mill, for later 'e analyze the acting revealed by the Northeastern textile industry in the external trade. For this analysis, we used some acting indicators, related to the present idea in the concept of re ealed competitiveness, for a selected group of products of the textile industry of the _Tortheast Area. We worked then, with export data and import to Brazil, for the Northeast and or the State of Ceará, besides the export data and import for that group of products that you/they compose the textile industry of each Area, in the period commercial powderopening, in other words, the years from 1990 to 2001, to which we made an analysis of the most recent acting of this group of products. For us to select that group, we used the lassification foreseen by the Brazilian Nomenclature of Goods (Groups of Products and Capítulos NBM) that invigorated until 1996 and the Nomenclature Common of Mercosul Groups of Products and Capítulos NCM) in vigor starting from 1997. We presented then, a general picture of the behavior of that group of products in the external trade, in the onsidered period, that he/she was reflected in the degree of competitiveness of the ~ ortheastern and from Ceará textile industry in matter, through the analysis of the following indicators for that group of products together: Participation of the balance of the trade balance in the total volume of the external trade of the industry i of the area j, in the period t (PSBC), Participation of the exports of the industry i of the area j, in the line of exports of the area j, in the period t (DSxijt), Variation of the index of value of the exports of the industry i of the area j, in the period t (VIxijt), Coefficient of relative specialization in the exports of the industry i in what refers to the exports of the area j with rélationship to the area h, in the period t (CSRxijt), Rate of covering of the imports of the industry i of the area j with relationship to the industry i ofthe area h, in the period t (TCijt), and the Contribution ofthe egment j to the balance of the trade balance of the industry i of the area h, in the period t CSjiht). Of the analyzed segments, which more she high1ighted it was spinning and eaving starting from fibers of Cotton (52).