Síntese de hidrogeís de colágeno, nanoqueratina e biopatita provenientes de sub-produtos da indústria avícola

Abstract

Research in the field of tissue engineering has developed exponentially in the last years, mainly in what concerns the research with hydrogels that aim to mimic the extracellular matrix. This work aims to investigate the formation of riboflavin / UV cross-linked hydrogels from biomaterials extracted from poultry industry byproducts, aiming at their application as a mimetic extracellular matrix for the reconstruction of cartilaginous tissue. All starting materials (skin, tendons, bones and feathers) were characterized for their chemical composition, lipid, protein, ash and moisture contents, along with several pretreatment steps in order to obtain products with an appropriate degree of purity. The obtained biomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), particle size and Zeta potential. The obtained nanokeratin had an average size of 167 nm and a Zeta potential value of - 32.4 mV, indicating good stability in suspension. As bioapatites obtained were presented as posterior carbon content varying between 3.5-5%, Ca / P ratio ranging between 1.5-4.5 and crystal indices of 85-95%, values usually taken as indicatives of bioactivity and biocompatibility. The obtained collagen presented low ash content, effectiveness in the absorption and absorption procedures without FTIR spectra that indicate a triple maintenance, as well as the denaturation temperature of 40.5 ° C, in agreement with the report in the literature for collagen obtained from chicken skins It was possible to obtain a preparation of hydrogels manipulating collagen, hydroxyapatite and nanokeratin through riboflavin / UV crosslinking. The obtained hydrogels presented a random distribution of pores with packages ranging from 50 to 380 μm, increasing the initial degradation temperature resulting from the effective crosslinking and the addition of nanokeratin to the collagen matrix. Based on these results it is possible to state that the hydrogels obtained have potential applicability in the development of cartilage tissue for implantation.