Quais os fatores são determinantes para reduzir a desigualdade em um ambiente de crescimento econômico e menos pobreza?

Abstract

Since the advent and availability of databases of household surveys in Brazil, and in particular the database of the IBGE PNAD, the it was observed that the first decade of this century experienced a process of continuous and rapid decline in income inequality in Brazil . In this study aims to identify and quantify what the main determinants for the reduction of inequality in the last decade in the state of Ceará, which is characterized as a major economic force in the Northeast region, and which is also traditionally characterized as having one of the worst indicators of the country. Using of counterfactual simulations, we considered the period 2003- 2009 - a period of strong economic growth and also characterized by substantially greater gains in favor of the poorest in the economy of Ceará. The results show that although the income not derived from labor only represent 1/3 of total income, about 48% of the decline in inequality is explained by it. Important to highlight the role of improvement in human capital so laborforce as well as demographic factors as a mechanisms to reduce inequality in Ceará.