Design crítico e especulativo como posicionamento projetual: uma abordagem experimental com foco na violência na cidade de Fortaleza

Abstract

In this research we intended to comprehend what makes speculative and critical design emerge in the design field, a design stand that surfaces in contemporaneity amongst the needs and characteristics of its individuals. We explored its meaning and productions, presenting a historical panorama of this conceptual attitude and the changes in the paradigm of functionality on modern and post-modern design. By doing so, we sought to establish the links with the sociocultural context in which the speculative and critical design emerges and, from the discussion, develop a project with such basis, with illustrative aspect, giving emphasis to experimenting. We developed the discussion navigating from the ideias of Baudrillard (2008) about the consumption society and the functional and symbolic character of objects, Krippendorf (2000) and his ideas on the designer’s subjectivity and complexity and liquidity in relationships proposed by Bauman (2001) as a context for the problem and to understand the ideas of speculative and critical design by Dunne and Raby (2013). For the project’s practice, we used a hybrid method, borrowing the method from Bonsiepe (1984) and mixing it with the project freedom necessary for conceptual design and a qualitative research. In a second moment, we developed an experimental conceptual project within the attitude of speculative and critical design while addressing the daily violence in the city of Fortaleza, in order to illustrate and provide support to the theory being presented.