Análise de viabilidade econômica de um sistema de geração de energia solar fotovoltaica flutuante conectado à rede

Abstract

The world energy matrix is ​​increasing the installed capacity of renewable and non-polluting energy generation systems, making them increasingly more in total energy production. Photovoltaic solar energy, in particular, is popularized because it has had a price decrease of more than 99% in the last decades, its use in many applications. One of them, which is the abode in this work, is in the solar system which, among other advantages, can be mentioned: the reduction in the evaporation of water from the reservoir and the reduction of algae growth that reduces maintenance in equipment improved efficiency of the panel due to the lower temperature operation. So, the purpose of this work was to define and execute a a floating solar system connected to the grid in Brazil, more specifically, in the of Luiz Gonzaga. For this, the necessary inputs were studied to install and operate a floating photovoltaic solar plant and the methods for evaluating which are: Net Present Value, Profitability Index, Return, Discounted Payback and Equivalent Annual Cost. At the end of the study, after of cash flow for 20 years, one can observe what are the most important inputs and parameters significant for the viability of the enterprise, and then it was studied how the would influence the viability of the business. Finally, it can be concluded that, under the conditions and assumptions used and the data collected in this work, the floating solar plant is not economically viable. However, it may be feasible for direct sale to the consumer with a high energy cost, if there is a discount on the purchase of solar panels and the actual capacity factor is greater than the theoretical factor as well.