Estudo hidroquímico-ambiental do aquífero costeiro do Município de Icapuí-CE

Abstract

Groundwaters are known to have good quality when compared to water of surface and, too have a lower cost. Nowadays, the policy of explotation of the water has been an increasing global, including in South America, with the justification of meet the social and economic needs. However, in case of excessive extraction of the water resource it can generate problems such as: saline intrusion, soil subsidence and groundwater relegation. In the case of the municipality of Icapuí, that it is an area without sewage system, the risk of contamination of the aquifer increases, due to effluents dumped directly into the soil, originating from the infiltration of cesspits. Diseases triggered after prolonged consumption of poor quality water are not always easy to diagnose. For example, some types of cancer, neurological, intestinal, renal, liver problems may be associated with water of the place. Studying water quality of the coastal aquifer of Icapuí and the possible relation with health risks of the local community is the main objective of this study. The waters of the 22 wells were analysed: physical-chemical, trace elements, bacteriological and δ18O isotopes and, anomalous results were obtained it to: bacteria presence, Escherichia coli and total coliforms, nitrogen compounds and chromium, above of the allowable value for human consumption, in the waters collected in some wells. The increase in cases of diarrheal diseases observed in Icapuí between 2014 and 2015, and the reappearance of viral hepatitis, may be associated with this bad water quality data.