Estudo da influência do tipo de processo de fabricação de laminados de compósito nas propriedades mecânicas

Abstract

For the wind energy generation industry, composite materials are considered strategic materials, as they allow the structural weight reduction of the rotor while maintaining the mechanical performance required to withstand the various loading situations. In order to optimize and add reliability to the design, mechanical tests are commonly used in determining the properties of the final product. These are completely dependent on the reinforcements and the way they are arranged during the manufacture of the laminates. this study presents composite manufacturing concepts, taking into account the influence of manufacturing processes. Thus, the objective of this work is to study the influence of the manufacturing methods and their degree of cure against the final characteristics of structural composites. Once the manufacturing processes are defined, the three-dimensional laminates are manufactured by Hand Lay-Up and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (Infusion). Due to their wide application, TLX1190 / 05C02 fiber fabrics were selected for the fabrication of the composite panels. For the Hand Lay-Up lamination process, EPIKOTE ™ resin Resin MGS ™ LR 135 with EPIKURE ™ Curing Agent MGS ™ LH 135 hardener was used. For the infusion process, the same fabric was used together with a resin suitable for said DOW supplier process, AIRSTONE 780E Epoxy Resin resin is selected with AIRSTONE 786H Hardener hardener. The test bodies obtained in the dimensions of 500 mm x 500 mm were characterized by thermal analysis and mechanical tests (Barcol hardness and tensile tests). The thermal analysis showed that the materials that passed through the post-curing process obtained sufficient Tg to show the degree of curing of the laminate, whereas those that did not undergo such a process had their Tg below the standard acceptable. The mechanical tests proved that the more cured the laminate, the better the resistance of the laminate. However, for process purposes, the laminates that were manufactured by Infusion or Hand Lay-Up and were post-cured had the same level of mechanical resistance, being indifferent to the process.