O espírito livre em Nietzsche

Abstract

The objective of the present work is to explore Nietzsche’s concept of free spirit. To comprehend that concept we will first atempt to understand the distinction Nietzsche establishes between romantic pessimism end dionisiac pessimism and, therefor, Nietzsche’s description of the two types of pessimists in humanity, those suffering an impoverishment of life and those suffering an abundance of life. Breaking from the philosophy of Schopenhauer, Nietzsche invents the free spirits to whom he dedicates his philosophy. Nietzsche calls them the philosophers of the future, those who will have the inclination to comprehend what is perspectivism in each evaluation, as well as to apprehend the necessary injustice of all pros and cons. They must take into account the problem of hierarchy, in others words, that which throughout history we learned to feel as worth. Self cultivation, therefor, implicates the flowering of the free spirit. To achieve this, cultural conditions are mixed with aspects of instinctive life singularities that result in the modeling, the formation of the spirit. “Free spirit’s natural history” is a laconic fragment that gives us the opportunity to issue a commentary about the morality of customs and the history of moral feelings. Convinced of this invention, it is apprehend that Nietzsche’s philosophy constantly imposes the contrast between the individual and the politic, thus revealing the necessity to affirm it vehemently as an alternative to any situation that does not consider the possibilities of individual growth, or that weakens individual nature, both situations verified and proved with the nihilism of modern ideas. With the free spirit one hopes to take a step forward into the knowledge and the overcoming of moral.