Detecção multiusuário baseada em tensores para sistemas de comunicação sem fio cooperativos

Abstract

Signal processing applications in wireless communications may sometimes take advantage of multilinear algebra concepts. This can be done by modeling the signals as high order tensors. From this context, tensor decompositions such as the Parallel Factor analysis (PARAFAC), may be found useful. On the other hand, cooperative communications and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems are ways for granting better data rates, capacity, fading mitigation and coverage. Joining the signal processing capabilities of tensor algebra, MIMO and cooperative communications can bring great benefits in wireless communications systems. In this dissertation, two receivers are proposed for two system models that are a multiuser DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code-Division Multiple-Access) uplink based on multirelay cooperative communications. The two system models are almost the same, except that in one of them, multiuser interference is considered at the relays. The Amplify-and-Forward (AF) protocol is used on all the relays, thus exploiting cooperative diversity. For the received signal of the first system model, a quadrilinear PARAFAC decomposition will be adopted and by doing so, the proposed tensor-based semi-blind receiver can jointly estimate the transmitted symbols, channel gains and spatial signatures of all users by assuming previous knowledge of the users spreading codes and a few transmitted symbols. For the second system model, multiuser interference is considered at the relays, then, a receiver based on a trilinear PARAFAC decomposition is proposed. The estimation of the second receiver is done in two phases with the first phase being a supervised stage where non-orthogonal training sequences are sent by all users. During the second phase, the users' data symbols are then estimated. Both receivers use the Alternating Least Squares (ALS) algorithm to fit the tensor models, assuming no channel state information (CSI) at the base station neither at the relays. With computational simulations, we will also provide performance evaluation of the proposed receivers for various cases and system variations.