Análise das propriedades antifouling de fios de sutura revestidos com eugenol sobre a formação de biofilmes de streptococcus mutans atc 25175

Abstract

Biofilms are microbial communities that are attached to biotic or abiotic surfaces. The presence of these communities in biomedical and dental devices has been one of the growing causes of nosocomial infections, being called infections associated with biomaterials. Streptococcus mutans is a Gram-positive bacterium, member of the oral microbiota, with acidogenic and acidic characteristics. It stands out as the main responsible for the progression of caries and other oral diseases, and may also cause infections in the endocardium and intraabdominal. Sutures are part of an essential procedure in dental practice. They are materials that tend to attract bacteria, forming biofilms, consequently worsening surgical site infections. The development of antiadhesive surfaces, by coating with bioactive substances, has stood out among the strategies that prevent the microbial colonization and subsequent establishment of the biofilm. In this context, natural products have been increasingly studied and applied as promising biotechnological tools. Eugenol, popularly called clove oil, is a member of the phenylpropanoids, has effective pharmacological properties and antibacterial action against a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the compound on the antimicrobial activity, as well as the capacity of interaction with cotton suture to prevent adhesion and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), as well as eugenol antibiofilm assays were performed for several Gram-positive microorganisms of Streptococcus genus separately. Before the obtained, all the microorganisms tested demonstrated to be susceptible to the compound, being S. mutans ATCC 25175 the most relevant, and therefore selected for the antiadhesion tests. On these assays, eugenol showed antiadhesive properties by halving the viability of cells initially adhered to the yarn. The biomass and metabolism of the biofilm formed in the suture also experienced significant reductions of approximately one third and fifty percent, respectively. These data corroborate the eugenol efficacy found in the literature in different strategies. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that the compound has great potential of antimicrobial action, being able to be applied as a coating of surfaces, bringing perspectives for the prevention of diseases associated with biomaterials.