Ser social e [des]humanização do homem: um estudo preliminar sobre as bases ontológicas da psicologia de Leontiev.

Abstract

In order to present the intrinsic relationship between the ontological foundation of thought and human activity and the process of humanization of man, we expose, in this work, the centrality of the arbeit [work] category in Marx, as a basic assumption to understand the constitution of social being and consequently the development of a genuinely human psyche - thereby removing all possibilities that presuppose a selfish human essence, possessing characteristics and categories/psychic structures consisting a priori – eliminating therefore any argument claiming precedence over the ontological essence of the human in face of social totality, that is, that man would be the possessor of an eternal and immutable essence. The arbeit [work] is a founding category of social being (LUKÁCS, 1979; LESSA, 1996; 2001; 2002; 2007; 2011a, 2011b; TONET, 2002; 2005; DUARTE, 2000; 2001) and the ontology of social being – initiated by Marx and recovered by Lukacs – is the condition sine qua non for the analysis and understanding of how man becomes, in fact, man. Thus, this preliminary study aims to provide the onto-historical understanding of the process of reversing the regency of biological laws for historical laws in achieving processuality of human history (GONÇALVES et al, 2012) of a man that is radically historical and social.