Elementos introdutórios à problemática da alienação nos manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844

Abstract

This article analyzes the problem of alienation in Marx’s Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, reasserting that such problem is aggravated in the capitalist society. It places the genesis of alienation in the labor process, from which it reaches all social praxis, with severe impediments to the development of the individuals. Adopting alienation and estrangement as synonyms, it emphasizes the possibility of overcoming this historic process towards human emancipation, which lies beyond a sociability based upon the subsumption of labor to capital. It is understood that the issue discussed by Marx in the Paris Manuscripts is necessarily linked to the author’s critique of Hegel’s concept of alienation. The question of plus-value as it is put by Marx in Chapter V of The Capital is also briefly reviewed with the purpose to demonstrate that the problem of alientation is present throughout Marx’s work as a whole. The study seeks the contribution of Lukács ontological perspective as well as it reaffirms, with Mészáros support, the possibility of alienation positive transcendence.