Redução das emissões gasosas através da camada de cobertura de aterros sanitários utilizando diversos tipos de materiais

Abstract

Population growth is responsible for the increase in solid waste generation, And the necessity of the correct destination, processing and reduction of this waste. This one The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of landfill gas trapping by Different materials used as a cover layer in an Experimental Cell (CE) and in the Central Cell (CC) of the Western Metropolitan Sanitary Landfill of Caucaia (ASMOC). Estimates of the gas emissions were carried out by means of With static flow plate in the conventional cover and in the alternative covers, Besides the measurements made in the drains. The gases generated in the EC and released by the drain Contained, on average, 16.48% CH 4, 13.23% CO 2 and 11.10%; Already in the CC, Average CH4 emissions ranged from 48.20% to 62%, with varying CO2 volumes From 28.45% to 40.43%, and very low O2 concentrations, ranging from 0.02% to 6.4%. THE CC allowed the escape of an average of 0.5% of CH4 and 0.3% of CO2 in the EC, while CC differed only in the average of CO2 with 0.8%. The EC presented average values ​​of Mass flux of CH4 in the cover layer of 0.78 g / m².s.10-2 and 1.2x10-2 g / m².s, For CO2. On the other hand, the CC presented a mean CH4 mass flow of 0.77 g / m².s.10-2 and 1.54x10-2 g / m².s for CO2. Regarding emissions by alternative layers in the EC, the Layer vegetated with grass Esmeralda had better result among the others, but Still allowed the emission of 1.1% more than CH4, allowing 4.3 times more CO2 to escape When compared to conventional coverage. The DC module covered with grass Esmerada was able to retain 50.8% more CH4 and 24.6% more CO2 than the Conventional coverage; The Mombaça grass emitted 13.4% less CH4 than the layer conventional. The dry weed, although emitting 12.4% more of CH4 than the Has improved its performance over almost three times Previous experiment. The overlapping layer of dry weed-Cx emitted 17.2% less CH4 and 85.5% less CO2 than the conventional layer. The RCC was the material with the worst Between all the analyzed modules, 1820.9% more than CH4 emission and 1205.8% CO2 emission to the atmosphere, when compared to the conventional layer of roof. If the overlapped layer of RCC-Cx is considered, the decrease in Emission of CH4 compared to the conventional coverage layer is 12.9% and 59.0% Less CO2. The mass fluxes in both experiments presented a wide Range of CH4 and CO2, which indicates that several factors external to the cell are Responsible for this variation, but follow a behavior consistent with CH4 and CO2 emissions strongly influenced by the rainfall regime. The data Showed that the Esmeralda grass, in both experiments, Loss of gases into the atmosphere, in addition to making the high vulnerability.