Tratamento didático do apagamento e inserção da rótica em coda final de verbos

Abstract

Orthographic norms are social conventions designed to facilitate written communication. The school has the role of developing activities that promote the appropriation of the rules by the students, and the Portuguese teacher is responsible for including in their teaching practices the study of the correct notation the written language, since knowledge of spelling has social relevance and are necessary for the competent use of the language. However, learners show difficulties in spelling, even in the final grades of middle school. Many of these difficulties are related to oral language, often their texts present several words written as they are pronounded. It is clear that the students do not have the mastery of the orthographic system and they do not know the differences between written language and oral language. It is necessary, therefore, that a pedagogical work be developed by the teacher so that the students overcome these difficulties. Thus, this work has as objective the treatment of two specific and interrelated orthographic problems: deletion of -r in the final codas of verbs in the infinitive, orthographic error of phonological source and the insertion of this rhotic at the end of words forming, unduly, the verbal infinitive, which constitutes an overgeneralization of the rule. Such spelling problems were the most frequent - in the texts of students from two classes of the 8th grade of middle school - analyzed in this study, hence the need for an intervention. For the theoretical basis of this study, some phonological processes presented by Seara, Nunes and Lazzarotto-Volcão (2015), the reflections and researches of Cagliari (2001, 2002b), as well as the studies of Morais (2007a, 2007b, 2007c, 2008), Bortoni-Ricardo (2004a, 2004b), Bortoni-Ricardo and Oliveira (2013), Callou, Serra and Cunha (2015) were considered. This study is a quantitative-qualitative action research. Firstly, a diagnosis was conducted with the use of essays to identify the most recurrent errors in the texts of the students in the first class; and a dictation of sentences to verify only the errors in focus in the second group, since such problems had already been selected from the initial diagnosis in class 1. For the treatment, periodic pedagogical interventions were carried out within the pedagogical time allotted to the Portuguese lessons. The activities were based on the reflection of writing with the support of texts in the different genres. The results pointed out considerable improvement in the correct writing of verbs in the infinitive. It was concluded that regularly scheduled orthographic activities generate positive results.