O indivíduo, a educação e a crise econômica segundo Karl Marx

Abstract

We tried to show through this article how Marx describes in “The Capital”, the individuals development, as well as their relationship with the education and the capital crisis. At the beginning of “The Capital”, individuals are totally bewitched by goods and money. In the section II, they already appear as representatives of social classes, the capitalist and proletarian, but they still are totally subjected to the movement of self increase in value of the value, namely, the Capital movement. However, proletarians will gradually through the classes struggle, unveiling mysteries that conceal the true relationships between classes, until they discover, in Chapter XXIV, the origin of the capitalist private property. Then, the proletariat becomes a revolutionary class showing themselves capable of carrying out the expropriation of expropriators. So, the book I expresses the process of class struggle through which the proletariat might, if it get to go through this arduous route, go out of the darkness in which are in their daily life and organize themselves as a class that understands and implements a revolutionary program. The proletariat experience in the struggle against the Capital is described by Marx as an educational process. After doing an initial totalization in Book I, an abstract totalization, Marx resumes in Book II about the capital domain on individuals. In Departments I (producer of the means of production) and II (Producer of means of subsistence), the capital relates to itself on the point of lead itself to deeper crisis. In Book III, Marx shows that the internal contradictions of the own Capital, that is, the classes struggle contradictions create a tendency to economic crises that become inevitable in capitalism. In this Book III Marx includes a third social class: beyond the capitalist class (who lives of the profit) and the working class (who lives of the wage), there is the class of landowners (who lives of the land income). In Chapter LII, the unfinished chapter, Marx intended to expose the struggle between the classes as the basis of three books and of all the mode of capitalist production.