Juventudes e Ensino Médio: transições, trajetórias e projetos de futuro

Abstract

This research brings a problematization about the “sense of transition” in the high school for the young students. The field of this discussion are two public schools from the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. One of them is from vocational education system and the other from the “regular” high school. The image of the youth as a process with differents types of transition is present in authors like Pais (2009) and Marques (2003). These researchers stress that, in the transition to adulthood, predominates the valuation of certain key-moments as the fist job, the marriage and children, although these rituals (Goffman 2011,McLaren, 1991) do not show a linear time logic in contemporary societies. One of the main spaces of socialisation for this rite of passage is the school, although it is possible to recognize a crisis of modern institutions, or a “deinstitutionalization”. (Abad, 2003, Dubet, 2007). This investigation aims to recognize the different senses that the young students give to the transitions experienced in high school, trying to understand the links between this level of education and their projects of future. This research involved observation, profile analysis, group conversations, ethnographic field notes and interviews, carried out in the two schools in 2014 and 2015, in addition to the narrative of tragectories of schooling of two students. I try to analyze their familiar configurations, social position, sense about school, ENEM (National Exam of High School), the final stage of vocational education, enjoyment of time and trips around the city. Relacting the empiric material with sociological and anthpological theories, I reach out concepts as “cultural capital” (Bourdieu, 2015, Lahire, 1995), “transitions to adulthood” (Pais, 2003, Guerreiro e Abrantes, 2005), “desinstitucionalization” (Abad, 2003, Dubet, 2007) “field of possibilities” e “project” (Velho, 1994), and also relevant contributions of authors like Spósito (2005), Dayrell (1996, 2007, 2009), Abramo (1994) and Diógenes (1998). Key-words: Youth, high school, tragectories of schooling, projects of future, transition to adulthood.