Perfil de proteção vacinal e uso de barreiras físicas em profissionais de odontologia na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

The Health Worker Health Surveillance seeks to investigate how these professionals are preventing themselves from diseases and what occupational hazards are exposed, with emphasis on biological risk. In health services, teams must conduct a safe clinical practice, adopting the current precepts of infection control. Among the means of protection, vaccination and the use of physical barriers are priorities. In the context of Primary Health Care, it can be considered that oral health professionals are more exposed to the microorganisms present in patients' body fluids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of vaccination and physical protection, through the use of Individual Protection Equipment, of dentists practicing, mostly, in the health teams of the family of Fortaleza-Ceará. It was characterized as descriptive and transversal, of quantitative approach. The data collection was performed through a structured interview with application of a form to the categories: dental surgeon; Auxiliary and oral health technician, totaling 230 professionals interviewed. Sampling was of the random type. The collected data were submitted to statistical analysis, using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v.17.0). The results were: 85.2% of the participants were female, 60% were in the age group up to 40 years and 58.3% were married. 91.7% of participants received all three doses of hepatitis B vaccine; 53% underwent the anti-HBs test to prove immunity, with a reactive result in 41.3% of professionals. The coverage of the double or triple viral vaccine was 83.5%; And 75.6% of the participants had the dT or dTp / dTpa vaccine updated. Only 4.8% of the professionals were vaccinated against varicella, but 89.5% of the non-vaccinates were immunized by previous history of the disease. 76.3% had received the booster influenza vaccine. For all illnesses, a number of possibly susceptible people were found. The negative preventive factor for the most present vaccination in the professionals' reports was forgetfulness (28.1%). It was also observed that more than half of the participants (57.4%) already suffered a work accident with biological material. The goggles, the disposable apron and the thick gloves were the barriers that had the least reported use. It was concluded that it is necessary to use education strategies to reach an ideal level of awareness among the target public workers of this research regarding immunization and other means of protection.