Hidroxiapatita e magnetita associadas à scaffolds de quitosana para aplicação em regeneração óssea

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in the biomedical area, especially in orthopedic applications in the treatment of osteoporosis aiming its use as injectable HA nanoparticles can be targeted to various body locations to treat bone defects. The HA is very similar to mineral component of bone material. It is well established that osteoblasts (bone forming cells) grow better on HA-coated metal than for metals isolated. Simvastatin (SIMV) is a drug currently used to reduce cholesterol (oral), but recent studies have shown an interesting ability of this drug to increase the local regeneration process, when combined with hydroxyapatite. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) with an iron oxide magnetic properties recently studied as potentiating agent proliferation of bone cells, have been associated with HA with the aim of increasing regenerative processes. This system has undergone the hydrothermal treatment for controlling the crystal properties of the coating. Separately, Fe3O4 and HA are biocompatible and when combined, the nanoparticles improve several important markers of osteoblast differentiation, such as collagen synthesis and deposition of calcium by keeping their magnetic properties. It is recognized that the surface chemistry, surface energy and surface topography have a significant influence on osteoblast responses. In particular, nowadays, the critical size bone defect depends on the engineering "scaffold" which are structural supports 3D, allowing for cell infiltration and subsequent integration to the native tissue. For this reason, the material synthesized and functionalized with SIMV was added in chitosan polymeric matrices. The formed composite showed average particle size of 20 nm (HA-5h), 18 nm (Fe3O4) and 30-70nm (Fe3O4-HA). The XRD patterns showed characteristic peaks of the crystalline phases of the composites according to the literature, as well as the IR bands.