Aplicação do processo de secagem em leito de jorro para obtenção de suco de caju em pó

Abstract

This study aimed to obtain cashew juice powder through drying process in a spouted bed, as well as to determine the physical-chemical characteristics, morphological and hygroscopic powder, investigating the stability of the packaged product stored in two types of packaging (plastic and laminated) vacuum for a period of 90 days and also determine the adsorption isotherms. It was used in this work cashew juice, such as maltodextrin glidant (≤20 DE) and used as the spouted bed dryer. Initially, one central composite design was carried rotational 23, which were considered as independent variables: temperature, drying air flow and concentration of maltodextrin and how response variables: moisture, yield, hygroscopic and ascorbic acid. The best experimental answer to drying cashew juice was 80 ° C, concentration of 12% maltodextrin and drying air flow 1.5 m3 / min. The powder cashew juice showed low pH and acidity, high soluble solids content and reducing and total sugars in relation to the whole juice. The product has high ascorbic acid content, however, low in carotenoids and phenolic compounds through electron microscopy analysis (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed amorphous aspect, by the fluorescence analysis X-ray (XRF) the compound with the highest concentration given in the cashew juice powder was 87.46% with K2O mass. For studying the stability of the powder cashew juice was found that the vacuum packaging laminate proved to be more efficient in preserving the powder to the vacuum packaging of plastic, ascorbic acid parameter did not vary significantly between the two packages until 30 days storage, the carotenoids content of not statistically varied until the period of 75 days in the vacuum packaging laminate. The humidity did not vary significantly between the packages, since the water activity showed statistical significance after 15 days of storage in which noted a rise in plastic packing due to a lower barrier capability. The adsorption isotherm, BET model showed a good fit for all studied isotherms, followed by GAB model. Thus, cashew juice powder stored in vacuum packaging laminate showed better stability with the maintenance of the physico-chemical characteristics and hygroscopic for a period of 90 days.